The null hypothesis denoted by H0 is the population parameter of no effect while the alternative hypothesis denoted by H1 is any hypothesis complementary to the null hypothesis.
In Publice Healthcare, for example, we are testing whether a vaccination is effective in controlling a particular nasty variation of a disease and increasing recovery rates from the same disease.
The null hypothesis can be something as follows:
H0 : The vaccine had no effect on curing the disease. i.e. the mean recovery rate for both the control group and study group(who were administered the medicine) is the same.
While the alternative hypothesis would be :
H1 : The vaccine cures the disease. i.e. the mean recovery rate for the study group is more than the mean recovery rate for the control group.
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