Question

The following table shows a sample of 300 people who were randomly chosen to participate in...

The following table shows a sample of 300 people who were randomly chosen to participate in a study. Half of them were given a new pill to help migraines and the others were given a placebo.

The results are listed below.

Pill Placebo

Helped 100                     60

Didn't Help 50 90

a. If one person is randomly selected, find the probability that person's migraine wasn't helped.

b. If one person is selected, find the probability that the person received the pill and the migraine was helped.

c.   If one person is selected, find the probability that the person either received the pill or the migraine improved.

d.   If two people were selected, find the probability that they both were given the pill and their migraines improved.

e.   This experiment was conducted as a double-blind study. Do you think that made the study more or less valid? Why? or Why Not?

Math   Statistics-And-Probability   
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Answer #1

ANSWER:

Given that,

a)

If one person is randomly selected, find the probability that  person's migraine wasn't helped.

(50+90)/(100+60+50+90) = 0.467

b)

If one person is selected, find the probability that the person received the pill and the migraine was helped.

100/(100+60+50+90) = 0.333

c)

If one person is selected, find the probability that the person either received the pill or the migraine improved.

P(pill or migraine improved) = P(pill) + P(migraine improved) - P(both)

=(100+50)/(100+60+50+90) + (100+60)/(100+60+50+90) - 100/(100+60+50+90)

= 0.7

d)

If two people were selected, find the probability that they both were given the pill and their migraines improved.

0.333^2= 0.111

e)

This experiment was conducted as a double-blind study. Do you think that made the study more or less valid?

It made the study more valid.

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