Question

The following table refers to a survey of senior high school students in a large city. It cross-tabulates whether a student has ever smoked cigarettes and whether a student had ever drunk alcohol and shows counts and the conditional distributions of alcohol use.

	Alcohol?
Cigarettes?	Yes	No	Total
Yes	1453 (97%)	45 (3%)	1498 (100%)
No	490 (64%)	280 (36%)	770 (100%)

Part 1: Describe the strength of association by using the difference between users and nonusers of cigarettes in the proportions who have used alcohol and interpret:

• The difference of proportions between users and nonusers of cigarettes among those who have used alcohol is ________ . (Round to 2 decimal places)
• This means that the proportion of users of cigarettes that have used alcohol is ________ percentage point(s) higher than for nonusers of cigarettes. (Round to 2 decimal places)

Part 2: Describe the strength of association by using the relative risk of using alcohol, comparing those who have used or not used cigarettes and interpret.

• The relative risk of using alcohol, comparing those who have used or not used cigarettes is __________ . (Round to 2 decimal places)
• This means that the proportion of users of cigarettes that have used alcohol is _________ times higher than the proportion of nonusers of cigarettes that have used alcohol. (Round to 2 decimal places)

Part 3: Find the odds of having used alcohol for users and nonusers of cigarettes and interpret.

• The odds of having used alcohol for users of cigarettes are_________ . (Round to 2 decimal places)
• The odds of having used alcohol for nonusers of cigarettes are ________. (Round to 2 decimal places)

Answer 1