Question

Research Scenario: an organizational psychologist is studying whether 10 minutes of guided mediation lowers axiety before weekly board meeting. She randomly assigns participants to either come 10 minutes early and participant in the guided mediation, or arrive on time. Using this table enter the data into a new SPSS data file and run an independent samples t test to test whether mediation lessend anxiety. Remember to name and define your variables under the "variable view," then return to the "data view" to enter and analyze the data. Remember, data will be entered differently than in a paired samples t-test. Specifically you will have one variable ("group"), with 0= no mediation and 1 = mediation. The other variable will be "anxiety". Thus data will not be entered exactly as shown.

no meditation	meditation
25	24
23	23
27	22
39	30
42	41
33	30
38	38
28	25
31	33
41	38

5) Paste relevant SPSS output.

6) Create an appropriate graph to display this data.

7) Write an APA-style Results section based on your analysis. All homework "Results sections" should follow the examples provided in the presentations and textbooks. They should include the statistical statement within a complete sentence that mentions the type of test conducted, whether the test was significant, and if relevant, the effect size. Don't forget to include a decision about the null hypothesis.

Answer 1

Solution:

Here, we have to use independent samples t-test for checking or testing the following null and alternative hypotheses.

Null hypothesis: H₀: There is no any significant difference in the average anxiety score due to meditation and without meditation.

Alternative hypothesis: H₀: The average anxiety score with meditation is less than the average anxiety score without medication.

H₀: µ₁ = µ₂ vs. H_a: µ₁ < µ₂

This is a one-tailed test.

µ₁ = Average anxiety score with medication

µ₂ = Average anxiety score without medication

We assume a level of significance as α = 0.05.

Required SPSS output for the box plots and independent samples t-test is given as below:

Group Statistics
	Meditation	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Anxiety	Meditation	10	30.4000	6.91536	2.18683
	No Meditation	10	32.7000	6.94502	2.19621

Independent Samples Test
		Levene's Test for Equality of Variances		t-test for Equality of Means
		F	Sig.	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	Std. Error Difference	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
									Lower	Upper
Anxiety	Equal variances assumed	.022	.882	-.742	18	.468	-2.30000	3.09928	-8.81135	4.21135
	Equal variances not assumed			-.742	18.000	.468	-2.30000	3.09928	-8.81136	4.21136

P-value for two tailed test = 0.468

P-value for one tailed test = 0.468/2 = 0.234

P-value = 0.234 > α = 0.05, so we reject H₀

We reject the null hypothesis that there is no any significant difference in the average anxiety score due to meditation and without meditation.

There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the average anxiety score with meditation is less than the average anxiety score without medication.