Question

(3) psychological theories that attempt to explain emotion. Discuss each, paying particular attention to how they view the order of the occurrence of the three factors involved in emotion (physiological activation, expressive behavior, & conscious experience).

Answer 1

Ans :

Emotion can be explained as the strong feeling aroused from any kind of external stimuli.this include cognitive application to identify the kind of emotion and to identify the reason for expressive behavoiur .

A) William James proposed the theory of James- Lange theory of Emotion ( Psychologist Wlliam James and Physiologist Carl Lange) explained that physiological reaction to an event leads to create emotions

as per James Lange theory an external stimuli causes physiological response and it leads to express emotional reactions to the stimuli depends on the physiological response

for Example : when you are walking by the side of a river , having seen a snake infront of you , you might be trembling , and your heart rate will be increased , you feel that you are frightened .James Lange suggest that your heartbeat ( Physical reaction) to be interpreted and conclude that you are frightend

B) Schachter - Singer theory: this theory was proposed by Stanely Schachter and Jerome E. Singer .

According to this reasoning ability plays an important role in labelling Emotions .that means a cause ( Activation) aroused a sense , and we try to find a reason for the arousal and later labelled it as Emotion . In this theory also activation, expression and conciouse experience occures accordingly.

For Example : you are alone in a dark room, you may felt you are alone and your increased heart beat tells that you are in danger . this emotion labelled as Fear .

C) Cannon Bard Theory: Cannon proposed his theory in 1920s and he was supported by Phillip Bard . they suggested that both emotion and experience ( psychological activation and Expression) occures at the same time.

Here it required to explain the three terms .a) Psychological Activation , b) Expressive Behaviour and c) Concious Experience

a) Psychological Activation : or termed as arousal this component is the first one whic is called as stimulation. stimulation of cerebral cortex . our senses is aroused by an external stimuli is called as psychological activation .

b) Expressive Behaviour :manifestation of motivational state is called as expressive behaviour .or direct manifestation of emotion.

c) Concious Experience : it is an ability to find what is inside us or exactely understand what is happening inside us . when comes into the terms of Emotion it is the reasoning ability to identify what is our feeling or Emotion at the present( Fear , Pleasure, Painful so and so..)

from the above mentioned theories all three of them explained the conciensness is the last compnent.while the Cannon Bard theory explains this conciousness may occur at the same time if the person is experienced the same state of mind in his life .