Question

Why do you think that some people show more self-control than others? How would we explain this from a behavioral perspective (remember, think "environment", think "learning" - not character flaws)?

Answer 1

Behaviour can be explained through various learning theories. Pioneers like Albert Bandura, Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner and other renowned theorists developed theories to understand human behaviour. Behaviour is whether a result of personality traits or nurturing is a debate which is never ending. However, both personality and one's immediate environment play a role in exhibition of a certain behaviour.

Considering Albert Bandura's observational learning theory, exerting self-control can be learnt through observation. If a child grows up in an environment which includes his parents following a strict routine and exerting self-control, the child is likely to follow the same. For instance, a child grow up seeing his parents being health freaks. They work-out and eat healthy. The child is likely to grow up and exrert self-control on his diet. he would try mimicking his parents as a part of observational learning.

B.F. Skinner developed a theory to understand how reinforcement affects one's behaviour. Behaviour can be shaped by rewards and punishments. Self-control can be learnt through rewards and punishments. For instance, if a child exerts self control, parents or teachers can reward him with material good or words of encouragement to keep the child going. This would motivate the person to continue to exert self-control.