Question

make a narrative essay on "cell phones in young children" consisting of 5 paragraphs introduction, thesis, contents (3 arguments) and conclusion, include references.

Answer 1

• As every American parent knows, the cell phone has become the modal form of adolescent communication. According to one study, 75% of U.S. 12–17 year olds owned a cell phone in 2010, compared with 45% in 2004.Cell phones are becoming more common at the elementary school level as well; in 2010, 31% of 8 to 10 year olds had access to a cell phone.Children are enthusiastic users of cell phones. Parents also benefit from the additional security of being in touch with their child and knowing their location.Because of the young ages at which children begin to use such phones, the amount of time spent, and the disparity in access across socioeconomic groups, it is important to understand the link between cell phone use and the development of traditional literacy skills, a core schooling goal for preteens and teens.
• The concern about the greater use of the cell phone by children leading to less reading achievement has focused primarily on voice communication. Because it is a social medium, children who spend a lot of time talking on the cell phone may read less and spend less time on their studies. The reason why cell phone use for voice communication could undermine children’s reading is that of displacement, a commonly documented hazard of increased electronic media use.
• The authors found an inverse correlation between these indicators and reading and spelling scores on the Wide Range Achievement Test, but these results did not hold after text message frequency was partialed out. One other study of young adults found positive effects of text messaging on reading that were context specific. This research on young U.S. adults 18–25 found a positive association between textism usage and informal writing, but a negative association with formal writing.
• One of the most important conclusions is that family factors have much stronger effects on children’s word decoding and comprehension than does their child’s or adolescent’s use of the cell phone.Children whose parents were better educated, who had higher family incomes, who had fewer siblings, and who lived in urban areas were more likely to own or share a cell phone. Children are also more likely to have access as they age into adolescence, when more than 8 out of 10 use such a phone.
• Lenhart A, Ling R, Campbell S, Purcell K. Teens and Mobile Phones (Tech. Rep. No. April 20) Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project; 2010.
• Rideout V, Foehr U, Roberts D. Generation M2: Media in the lives of 8–18 year-olds. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation; 2010.
• Ling R. Children, youth, and mobile communication. Journal of Children & Media. 2007;1:60–67.
• Anderson DR, Huston AC, Schmitt KL, Linebarger DL, Wright JC Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2001; 66(1):I-VIII, 1-147.