Question

Can you please provide a detailed summary explaining the purpose, method, and results of the study in simple terms? I want to be able to understand the study. Here is a link --> https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462641/

Answer 1

Summary- The research is investigating the association of response inhibition with intelligence in preschool children. According to the cognition theory, the response inhibition effects the mental ability as well as creativity. In this research, the data had been collected from the 152 typically developing students aged between 3.6 to 6.6 years.

The research found the evidence of co-relation between inhibitory control and differences in age related intelligence. Inhibitory control and intelligence are different concepts but in a vast scenario we can find the connection between intelligence and inhibitory response control.

The purpose of research- The research is proposed to find the significant difference between inhibitory control and intelligence, the learning process is controlled by intelligence so that the inhibitory response control shows the direct effect on the learning ability as well. The concept of intelligence belongs to adjustment, learning capacity, achievement skills and social learning while inhibitory control related to information processing, so the purpose of research to find the co-relation between intelligence and learning ability with the help of inhibitory responses. The present study is motivated by the desire to test the hypothesis that intelligence related to inhibitory control.

Methods- in this research the variables are children aged between 3.6 years to 6.6 years, the experimental and performance based task used in the testing of hypothesis.

Materials used- the child version of Signal Task, a short form of Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-revised (WPPSI-R) and Raven’s coloured progressive matrices.

Measurement methods used- ANOVA, Mean, critical ratio

1-Stop signal task (SST) consisted to go and stop trials the block-by-block tracking method was used to obtain stop signal delay. The critical Stop Signal Delay (SSD) are obtained to each participants. The critical SSD was subtracted from mean reaction time of the correct go trials.

2-The WPPSI-R used and consisted of the comprehension and arithmetic subtest in the Verbal Scale. The verbal IQ score and performance score measured. The fluid and crystallised intelligence measured by performance scale and verbal scale.

3-RCPM was considered appropriate for children of preschool age because it requires little verbal instruction.

Results- By the use of one way ANOVA showed that the older children have more efficient response inhibition and higher IQ than younger children. The findings in this study were obtained from investigating stop-signal inhibition in preschool children. The development of response inhibition is closely linked to improvement in verbal intelligence.