Question

1.What does it mean to record complete bibliographical data?

2.What are the four principles of clear writing? Why is it important to integrate these principles?

3.How do citations help your readers?

4.What is the common structure of an introduction? What is the common structure of a conclusion? What is the absolute last thing a writer must write?

5.In your words, define research. What are the benefits of developing good research?

6.How do you evaluate a sources reliability?

7.How should you plan the body your report?

8.What is the difference between pure research and applied research?

9.What information does an abstract contain?

10.Why should a writer quote, paraphrase, and summarize appropriately?

11.How do you find a topic in a general writing course?

12.What is the three-step research formula, and why it necessary to integrate this model at all times when developing research?

Answer 1

• 1.A bibliographic data is a list of all of the sources you have used whether referenced or no) in the process of researching your work. In general, a complete bibliographic record should include:
• the authors' names
• the titles of the works
• the names and locations of the companies that published your copies of the sources
• the dates your copies were published
• the page numbers of your sources (if they are part of multi-source volumes)
• 2.Simple words get your point across more quickly than complex words, and using the active voice makes it obvious who did what to whom (or what). Additionally, simple words and the active voice make your text direct and concise, which means it will be easily understood.
• Being concise does not mean that all your sentences must be brief. A sentence without unnecessary words can still be relatively lengthy.Unnecessary words dilute the meaning of your message, so read through your drafts in order to look for sentences or words that are redundant.
• The more specific you are, the more likely people are to understand you.
• When you know a subject really well, it’s easy to forget that most of your readers don’t have access to the same information. Keep in mind that every message needs a context in order to be clearly communicated.
• All these principles need to be integrated for the written piece to be persuasive enough for the audience.Your persuasiveness, accuracy or interesting subject matter cannot achieve your objectives if the audience is struggling to understand your message clearly.
• 3.Citations are like a roadmap to your sources. Sometimes seeing a quote in its original context helps readers understand it better. Citations can also guide your readers to more information about your topic.It's important to cite sources you used in your research for several reasons: To show your reader you've done proper research by listing sources you used to get your information.
• 4.The three-part writing structure is a basic structure that consists of introduction, body and conclusion.
• The common structure for any introduction should include the following points:
  Introduce your topic
  Place your topic in a context
  Provide background information
  Point out the aim of the text
  Describe how you will fulfill the aim
  Provide a thesis statement or research question
  Suggest what your findings are
  Explain why your topic is interesting, necessary or important
  Give the reader a guide to the text
  Catch your reader’s interest
• The statements you make in the introduction are to be developed in the body of the text and returned to in the conclusion.
• In any structure of the conclusion you should return to the thesis or problem that you presented in the introduction. Be careful that your conclusion is not just a repetition of what you have already written. In your conclusion, you may also evaluate and explain whether or not you have reached the aim or solved the problem presented in the introduction, and how. No new material should be introduced in the conclusion, but it is quite common to suggest topics for further studies.
• Absolute last thing writer needs to write our the references if its for research purpose to let the readers know sources from where the material has been gathered.
• 5.Research must be systematic and follow a series of steps and a rigid standard protocol. These rules are broadly similar but may vary slightly between the different fields of science.
• Scientific research must be organized and undergo planning, including performing literature reviews of past research and evaluating what questions need to be answered.
• Any type of ‘real’ research, whether scientific, economic or historical, requires some kind of interpretation and an opinion from the researcher. This opinion is the underlying principle, or question, that establishes the nature and type of experiment.
• Benefits of a good research include:-Researcher get better understanding of his research work.Researcher gets validation for his research work: Since the research paper is reviewed by the experts. When research work gets validated it gets published. A good research also provides deeper knowledge and understanding about the phenomenon or subject which has been studied. For example,a good research in healthcare can provide important information about disease trends and risk factors, outcomes of treatment or public health interventions, functional abilities, patterns of care, and health care costs and use.
• The rest of the questions can be asked as another question,due to time constraints only first 5 have been answered.