Question

The addiction models are these except：

1.the disease model

2.physical dependence model

3.positive reinforcement model

4.toxic reaction to drugs model

Positive Reinforcement Model:

A.addictive drugs have reinforcing effects

B.addictive drugs do not effect homeostasis

C.addictive drugs are not reinforcing

D。all drugs are addictive

Addiction includes all of these except

		achronic substance abuse
	b	develop tolerance & withdrawal
	c	unsuccessful efforts to cut down
	d	occasional drug use

QUESTION 15

Which of the following is the fastest method of parenteral drug delivery

		intraperitoneal
		intramuscular
		subcutaneous
		inhalation

1 points   

QUESTION 16

Drugs act as positive reinforcers because they activate which pathway

		the hippocampus and the cortex
		the cortex and the thalamus
		the nucleus accumbens and the ventral tegmental area
		the hippocampus and the hypothalamus

Answer 1

1. D) toxic reaction to drugs model

All of the above models except this model are used to explain addiction.

2. A.addictive drugs have reinforcing effects

Addictive drugs have reinforcing effects as with the stimulation, enhanced self esteem and the sense of pleasure and goodness, make a person want to take them again.

3. D) occasional drug use

Drug use is frequent and not occasional

15. D) Inhalation

this is the fastest mode after IV.

16. B) the cortex and the thalamus