Question

Directions: First, write a simple hypothesis. State your hypothesis in such a way that it could be tested. Here are some examples:
• Musical ability is an inherited trait.
• People who play video games for more than 2 hours every day are introverted.
• People who are early risers are more successful.
• People who set long term goals are no more successful as people who do not set long term goals.
• Adults who have positive relationships with their same sex parents are less likely to become alcoholics.

Second, describe how you might use naturalistic observation, case studies, survey research, and correlational research to help prove/disprove your hypothesis. Note: When you describe your correlational research, include the two variables you will be examining and the type of relationship you project to exist between the two variables (i.e., positive or negative correlation).
For example, let’s use the hypothesis, People who play video games for more than 2 hours every day are introverted. Here are examples of how these different types of research could be used to research or test this hypothesis:

Naturalistic observation: go to a video arcade and observe people who play video games for more than two hours and then observe their interactions with others

Case studies: study the life styles of video game designers (who would spend considerably more than 2 hours/day playing video games)

Survey research: people who are known to spend 2+ hours playing video games at least 5 days a week are asked a series of questions regarding their social interactions, hobbies, and general life style.

Correlational research: identified video game players are asked to track the number of hours spent playing video games on a daily basis for two weeks. These subjects are also asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their social habits, the number/types of people they socialize with, how often they socialize, the types of hobbies they engage in (besides playing video games), etc. The subjects’ quality and quantity of social interaction is compared to the average number of hours spent playing video games. This research will show a positive correlation between the number of hours spent playing video games and the types of introverted behavior identified in the questionnaire.

Answer 1

Hypothesis- Students who study at the last moment have difficulty recalling information during a test.

Naturalistic observation- Observe students at an exam-hall who are taking their test, note down their behaviour, facial expressions, and gestures, and later on, go through their answer scripts.

Case Study- Study the study pattern of students who get lower grades than the average.

Survey Research- Students who get lower grades compared to the rest are asked a series of question regarding their study patterns, and their daily activities and lifestyle.

Correlational Research- These students are asked to complete a questionnaire regarding:

-the amount of time each of them give behind learning a topic,

-how frequently they revise the topic,

-how much time they devote each day behind studies,

-how many days they study in a week,

-how early they start preparing for an exam,

-how much they can remember after their preparation, and so on.

The subjects’ amount of time spent on studying, learning and revising a topic is compared to the average amount of information they admit to be able to recall after their preparation.

This research should show a positive correlation between the number of hours devoted on studies and the amount of information being able to be recalled, indentified in the questionnaire answered by the subjects.