Question

This is a research paper, written in APA format 6 edition

included all refrences and citationsthe question is Identify and compare key elements of Freudian theory with one of the following theorists or theories: Jung, Adler, Horney, Object Relations, Erikson? the answer should be 600-800 words length includes refrences and citation in APA format

Answer 1

Adler, Jung, Horney and Erikson are termed as the neo freudians, that is they are the ones who have derived their work from that of Freuds theories and conceptualizations except for the sexual connotations that were so prolifically prevalent within Freuds work.

We can take an example here while making the comprehension of the distinctions more apparent with its aid. The aforementioned psychologists derived their theories based on the interaction of an individual with their social and cultural environment. Erikson, fro example, while theorizing the psychosocial stages of development (personality) laid down the stages based on a Childs interaction with his/her immediate environment, which doesn't stunt at the early years but continues until an individuals death. Whereas Freud laid down the foundation fro stages of development based on the fixation (if present) of an individual on a certain psychosexual stage during the span of their early life.

Another of the fundamental differences between theories that can be brought afore are that between the theories of Adlers (frueds colleague) and Freud himself. These would be regarding the forces that driven individual to act and behave a certain way. According to Freud the forces that drove an individual were predominantly sexual and aggressive urges, but this led to the genesis and conceptualization of the term 'inferiority complex,' by Adler wherein he proposed that each individual feels inferior when confronted by certain situations or by the society in entirety. Adler capitalized on the social factors within a given environment more than the sexual urges which Freud espoused.  

Freud had long since been propounding the essence of early childhood, quite conveniently neglecting the developments that take place during the rest of an individuals span. Karen Horney, one of Freuds female correspondents spoke about the importance of looking beyond all that Freud said. She spoke about anxiety as the base that can be given birth to due to certain dysfunctions during ones early childhood. This anxiety is then dealt with by the application of various coping skills, which an individual picks up as a result of early trauma; and the coping skill is based on what the individual feels they need to establish.

Then comes, Jung. He developed his own theory called analytical psychology which is not to be mistaken with Freuds theory of psychoanalytic. Jung, unlike Freud, wanted to give an equal focus to both the conscious and unconscious; whereas Freud focused solely on the unconscious. He also theorized the collective conscious which was again an attempt to complement and complete Freuds conceptualization of Personal Unconscious.