Question

Compare Allport's classification of traits to that of Raymond Cattell's trait theory, including a description of the types of traits and the procedure each used in developing his classification.

Answer 1

Cattell (1965) contended that that is was important to take a gander at a substantially bigger number of traits with a specific end goal to get an entire photo of somebody's personality. Though Eysenck construct his theory based with respect to the reactions of hospitalized servicemen, Cattell gathered information from a scope of individuals through three unique wellsprings of information.

L-information - this is life record information, for example, school grades, nonappearance from work and so on.

Q-information - this was a poll intended to rate a person's personality.

T-information - this is information from target tests intended to 'tap' into a personality develop.

Cattell investigated the T-information and Q-information utilizing a numerical strategy called factor examination to take a gander at which sorts of conduct had a tendency to be assembled together in similar individuals. He distinguished 16 personality traits/factors normal to all individuals. Cattell made a refinement amongst source and surface traits. Surface traits are extremely evident and can be effortlessly distinguished by other individuals, while source traits are less obvious to other individuals and seem to underlie a few distinct parts of conduct.

Cattell respected source traits are more essential in depicting personality than surface traits.

Cattell created a personality test like the EPI that deliberate each of the sixteen traits. The 16PF (16 Personality Factors Test) has 160 inquiries altogether, 10 questions identifying with every personality factor.

Allport's Trait Theory

Allport's theory of personality stresses the uniqueness of the individual and the inside psychological and motivational procedures that impact conduct. For instance, insight, personality, propensities, abilities, demeanors, and traits.

Allport (1937) trusts that personality is organically decided during childbirth, and molded by a man's natural affair.

Alongside Henry S. Odbert, in 1936, Allport worked through two of the most far reaching English dialect word references accessible. From these lexicons, the analysts removed around 18,000 personality-portraying words, which they at that point lessened to roughly 4,500 personality-depicting descriptors. These descriptive words were then depicted as recognizable and generally changeless personality traits.

Gordon Allport at that point isolated these traits into a three-level chain of importance. These were:

⇒ Cardinal Traits

These are the predominant traits of a man's life. They shape a man's conduct such that a man is known particularly for these traits. Now and again, they end up plainly synonymous with the individual who is then distinguished by these traits. For instance, the word Freudian, a descriptive word that is identified with profoundly shrouded wants or emotions, is connected to Sigmund Freud. Comparative enlightening terms incorporate Machiavellian, narcissistic, and so on. Allport recommends that these traits are uncommon. Whenever display, they shape a man's feeling of self, passionate cosmetics, dispositions, and conduct totally, and frequently characterize their lives. Some recorded figures who exhibited such traits incorporate Abraham Lincoln for his trustworthiness, Marquis de Sade for perversion, and Joan of Arc for gallant self-benefit.

⇒ Central Traits

Not at all like cardinal traits, central traits are ones that make up your personality. They are effectively identified qualities of a man. As per Allport, each individual has around 5 to 10 central traits, and they are available in fluctuating degrees in each individual. These incorporate normal traits, for example, insightful, timid, fair. They are in charge of molding the greater part of our conduct.

⇒ Secondary Traits

Auras which are essentially less summed up and less important are known as secondary traits. These could be sure incidentally decided attributes. For instance, a man whose cardinal trait is self-assuredness, may show indications of accommodation when the police prevent him from speeding. This is only a situational trait that might possibly be shown for other relational experiences. As per Allport, these difficult to-identify traits are "stirred by a smaller scope of proportional jolts and they issue into a smaller scope of proportionate reactions".