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What is the difference between longitudinal and cross sectional designs?

What is the difference between longitudinal and cross sectional designs?

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Answer #1
Longitudinal study Cross-sectional study
In longitudinal study, variables are measured at two or more distinct points in time. In cross sectional study, two or more samples are drawn from same population and same variables are studied in them.
Longitudinal studies require a constant follow-up where the outcome of interest has not yet happend at baseline. Cross-sectional studies are much easier and quicker to perform if you need to solve a research question here and now.
They have small sampling period. Cross-sectional survey can have a very long sampling period
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