Question

QUESTION 2

Which of the following represents a problem associated with social disorganization theory and research?

		Areas characterized as socially disorganized frequently have very low crime rates.
		Even in highly disorganized areas, only a minority of the residents are involved in crime.
		Social disorganization as a concept is lacking in clarity.
		b and c

QUESTION 7

In their studies of delinquency in Chicago spanning several decades, Shaw and McKay found that:

		neighborhoods heavily populated by disadvantaged racial and ethnic groups had the highest delinquency rates, no matter in what geographical areas of the city they resided
		neighborhoods closest to the central business district had the highest rates of delinquency, even though the racial and ethnic composition of these neighborhoods changed substantially over time
		neighborhoods closest to the central business district had the highest rates of delinquency offending, whereas adjacent areas farther from the city center had the highest rates of delinquency victimization
		scattered at various points throughout the city and its adjacent suburbs were distinctive “hot spots” of delinquent and criminal activity

QUESTION 8

From Merton’s perspective, which of the following is the mode of adaptation to strain that is most consistent with predatory forms of crime and delinquency?

		retreatism
		ritualism
		innovation
		rebellion

QUESTION 11

According to Cohen, the delinquent subculture is an adaptation to status frustration through a process called:

		reverse discrimination
		reaction formation
		status reclamation
		anomie

Answer 1

2. The correct answer is Option B. Even in highly disorganized areas, only a minority of the residents are involved in crime.

7. The correct answer is Option B. The researchers found that neighborhoods closest to the central business district had the highest rates of delinquency, even though the racial and ethnic composition of these neighborhoods changed substantially over time.

8. The correct answer is Option C. These are considered examples of innovation.

11. The correct answer is Option B. The process is called reaction formation.