Question

Come up with a series of the 3 items for each of the following
      sentences:

         (a) Predicate Logic symbolization of the original sentence
         (b) result of applying QN to (a), i.e., with different quantifier
         (c) restatement of (b) back into a plain English sentence
             which should be different from the original English
             sentence in its utterance, but still the same in its
             meaning

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      1. Anything that leads to violence is wrong.


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      2. Not every smile is genuine.


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      3. Terrorists are neither rational nor empathetic.

         (hint: two predicates as one unit are ascribed to the
         subject)

         NB: compare the two different sentences in question 4 below
             while doing the same tasks respectively as above


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      4. (1) Humans are spiritual.
         (2) Only humans are spiritual.

         NB: Of course, these are not the same, as "only" makes the
             predicate a consequent of the conditional

Answer 1

1. Something that is disturbing leads to violence is not only correct but normal as well.

2. Every smile is not only genuine , but its fake too.

3. Here the subject is terrorists. Two predicates are : Rational and Empathetic .

Terrorists , who are considered to be cold blooded people, do not come up with either of the qualities that is to be rational and empathetic .

4. There are two lines in sentence 4. In the first line , it is meant to be humans as spiritual living beings .

but in the second sentence , a predicate has been used , that is ' only'.

It is believed that only humans are considered to be spiritual human beings .