Question

Outline the main differences between classical and operant conditioning. Which of these seems to occur more accidentally, and which is more intentional? Please explain your response and provide examples.

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Answer 1

Classical conditioning is a process in which learning occurs through forming associations between two stimuli, whereas in operant conditioning, learning takes place in terms of the consequences of a response. An essential difference between classical and operant conditioning also lies in determining whether the behavior is involuntary or voluntary. In operant conditioning, the learner is also rewarded with incentives, while classical conditioning involves no such enticements.

References:

Goldman, J. G. (2012). What Is Classical Conditioning? (And Why Does It Matter?). Retrieved from https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/thoughtful-animal/what-is-classical-conditioning-and-why-does-it-matter/

Mcleod, S. (2018). Skinners Theory of Operant Conditioning. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html