Question

1)

Researchers attempting to discover if substitutes for leadership can replace a leader have found that:

only a vested formal position can ultimately create consistent results from employees

there may be effective leaderless groups if the members support each other and the job itself provides direction

the job itself, technology, the work unit and the leader must always be associated with someone in authority, even if on an infrequent, informal basis

a group of charismatic followers don’t need a leader

2)

Consistently making correct decisions is a large part of being an effective leader. Decision-making is affected by one’s technical knowledge, cognitive skills (e.g., reasoning), and experience. Which base of power best represents effective decision making?

expert

coercive

reward

legitimate

3)

Leader influence on subordinate behavior is much less important when:

the task is intrinsically appealing

the task is well-learned, even if it tends to be boring

the leader’s ability to make effective short-term decisions

the subordinates have low skill levels

4)

The main factor that relates to whether employees will vote for a union is their:

perception that the union is a stable and profitable organization

belief that other employees will vote for the union

belief that a union is a likely way to attain valued outcomes

belief that a union will unite workers and thus improve cooperation

5)

European unions may be more influential than those in the U.S. because:

they are subsidized by government agencies and don’t need internally generated revenue

political activity is one of their major goals

U.S. members are more anti-social

European members tend to be less materialistic

Answer 1

1). (b). There may be effective groups if the members support each other and the job itself provides direction. It has been found in the researches, that formal learders are not always necessary for better performance of employees.

2). (a). Expert power. Within expect power comes the power of information which helps in dealing with the uncertainty while decision making.

3). (d). When the subordinates have low skill levels. The leader can motivate and make workers perform in a certain way but if the subordinate has low skill levels, leaders mere influence wouldn't matter much.

4). (c). Belief that a Union is a likely way to attain valued outcomes.

5). (a). They are susidized by the government agencies and don't need internally generated revenue.