The two key features in an experiment are manipulation and control. Manipulation invoves manipulating or changing a variable to see its effect. The variable which is manupilated is called the independent variable. This independent variable is manipulated by a researcher in an experement to see its effect. The effect which the indepedent variable has is called the dependent variable. The control is is the controlling of the confounding variables and holding all the other conditions constant in an experiment. The control makes sure that there are no other factors which have an effect on the result of the experemnt and the result is only caused by the independent variable.
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