Question

From a philosophical standpoint, Distinguish between deductive and inductive reasoning and demonstrate when each type of reasoning is appropriate. Discuss a time in your life when you have used each type of reasoning. The response must be 200 words

Answer 1

• Reasoning (logic) can take two forms – inductive reasoning or deductive reasoning. The inductive reasoning follows a particular flow or behaviour so as to make inferences
• Conversely, deductive reasoning uses available information, facts or premises to arrive at a conclusion. These two logics are exactly opposite to each other.
• Inductive Reasoning connotes the argument in which the premises give reasons in support of the probable truth of the conjecture.
• Deductive reasoning is the fundamental form of valid reasoning, wherein the premises give guarantee of the truth of conjecture.
• While inductive reasoning uses the bottom-up approach, deductive reasoning uses a top-down approach.
• The initial point of inductive reasoning is the conclusion. On the other hand, deductive reasoning starts with premises.
• The basis of inductive reasoning is behaviour or pattern. Conversely, deductive reasoning depends on facts and rules.
• Inductive reasoning begins with a small observation, that determines the pattern and develops a theory by working on related issues and establish the hypothesis. In contrast, deductive reasoning begins with a general statement, i.e. theory which is turned to the hypothesis, and then some evidence or observations are examined to reach the final conclusion.
• Inductive reasoning moves from specific to general. Unlike, deductive reasoning moves from general to particular.
• The accuracy of inductive reasoning is questionable. Because inductive reasoning uses specific premises to build a conclusion, the conclusion is probable but not absolutely true. Deductive reasoning can lead to an absolutely true conclusion if and only if the premises that lead to that conclusion are also true.
• Inductive reasoning merely gives results that are probably true based on what has gone before (and it's assumed will therefore happen again in future). Since there's no guarantee that it will happen in future, it's not as certain. The result of inductive reasoning will turn out to be false if even one counter example can be found.
• Deductive reasoning is used more by me at my workplace decisions,for example,the company that I work in manufactures phones,and Apple sells amazing phones in the market,therefore,Apple is the key competitior.Business decisions are taken by deducing this statement,my getting all the detauls of the company and their products,and finding out how we can imbibe the technology they use.
• It has also been used when making decisions reagrding choosing the right company to join.Deductive reasoning is definitely more useful and more appropriate.