Question

Identify and describe instances of the following: Cognitive Dissonance Denial Overgeneralization Conformity Also, how about the...

Identify and describe instances of the following:

Cognitive Dissonance

Denial

Overgeneralization

Conformity

Also, how about the Rules Know the Context, Know Yourself, Don't Take Yourself Too Seriously. Do these rules apply in evaluating the failures of reasoning and judgment discussed here?

Homework Answers

Answer #1
  • Identify and describe instances of the following:

  • Cognitive Dissonance
    • Cognitive dissonance refers to a situation involving conflicting attitudes, beliefs or behaviours. This produces a feeling of discomfort leading to an alteration in one of the attitudes, beliefs or behaviours to reduce the discomfort and restore balance, etc.
    • Example
      • Someone who smokes will find the information 'smoking causes lung cancer; smoking is injurious to health' difficult to process. It will cause cognitive dissonance.
      • He will use the following statements to reduce the dissonance.
        • A person could convince themselves that it is better to live for today than to save for tomorrow
        • Research has not proved definitely that smoking causes lung cancer

  • Denial
    • Denial is the refusal to accept reality or fact, acting as if a painful event, thought or feeling did not exist.
    • Example
      • A person who is a functioning alcoholic will often simply deny they have a drinking problem, pointing to how well they function socially

  • Overgeneralization
    • It is a course of thinking where you apply one experience and generalize to all experiences, including those in the future.
    • Example
      • It’s important to never let anyone down
      • Other people should always let me down

  • Conformity
    • It is informally defined as the tendency to act or think like members of a group.
    • A higher level of respect for company executives by an executive-level employee in a formal manner, such as addressing the company president as "Ms. Gispert" instead of simply "Isabella."

Also, how about the Rules Know the Context, Know Yourself, Don't Take Yourself Too Seriously.

Do these rules apply in evaluating the failures of reasoning and judgment discussed here?

Yes. When an individual is aware of the situation and the people involved (context), the individual is aware of his own emotions and perceptions, an individual is less likely to engage into such behaviours.

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