1] Schrodinger's equation gives the time and space dependent wave-function of a particle under a given potential.
the wavefunction obtained by solving this 2nd order differential equation determines the position and momentum of the given particle in time.
If we assume that the wavefunction can be factorized into time and space-dependent solutions independently,
then the above differential equation can be solved by separation of variables and so substituting this wavefunction into the original differential equation yields a time-independent case,
where the time-dependent part is absent. The differential equation is now easier to solve and the solution for this will not change with time. Example: Free-particle wavefunction (zero potential) or harmonic oscillator.
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