Question

4. Why is a low-pressure gas or vacuum considered the best thermal insulator possible? Explain. Use...

4. Why is a low-pressure gas or vacuum considered the best thermal insulator possible? Explain. Use your answer to explain why fiberglass insulation used for buildings is loose rather than compact.

Homework Answers

Answer #1

A low-pressure gas or vacuum essentially limits the amount of matter contained in the intermediate insulating layer. In absence of matter, thermal heat transfer process like conduction and convection are almost reduced to zero. The process of radiation is not very effective at low temperatures. Thus, the overall heat transfer is constrained to great extents and for this reason a low-pressure gas or vacuum is considered the best thermal insulator possible.

Loose fiberglass insulation has considerable volume of air trapped in between which is a great insulator. Besides, loose fiberglass also inhibits the process of conduction by minimising the contact between fiberglass pieces. Overall it is cheaper and more efficient than compacting down the fiber glass which would then need all the more more fiber glass to fill the same volume of space.

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