Question

(a) What are the major noises in an image sensor and what are the sources for them?

(b) Sensor cooling is a common technology to get less noise. This technique has been widely used for image sensors in scientific instruments. However, you probably cannot find a cooler in a digital single-lens reflex (D-SLR) camera even a high end one. Why?

(c) In the past, CMOS image sensors tend to have more readout noise than CCD sensors. Explain why this is the case.

Answer 1

image noise results in the random variation of brightness and color formation in the images. this comes under the electronic noise. diffferent types of noises are gausian noise, salt-pepper noise, shot noise, quantization noise, anisotrpic noise, and periodic noise.

Gaussian noise id due to  Johnson–Nyquist noise , salt-pepper noise is due to  analog-to-digital converter errors, shot noise is due to  statistical quantum fluctuations, quantization noise is caused due to  statistical quantum fluctuations, image sensors are due to row ad column noise, periodic noise is due to electromechanical interferene during the capturing process.