Question

Explain the Theory of wave guide (Qualitative)

Answer 1

A waveguide works on the thoery that waves such as electromagnetic waves can be guided along a direction of motion with minimal loss of energy by limiting the expansion in terms of dimensions say to one or two dimensions. This can be seen in case of water waves for long water bodies such as rivers, canals, etc.

Without this constraint the amplitudes of the waves decreases according to inverse square law. These waveguides can of different types based on their geometries and functionality such as rectangular waveguides.