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The spacing of one set of crystal planes in NaCl (table salt) is d = 0.282...

  1. The spacing of one set of crystal planes in NaCl (table salt) is d = 0.282 nm. A monochromatic beam of X-rays produces a Bragg maximum when its glancing angle with these planes is θ = 7o. Assuming that this is a first order maximum (n = 1), find the wavelength of the X-rays.
  2. What is the use of contrast agents in x-ray radiography? Give 2 exemplary contrast agents.

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Answer #1

Since n=1

d=0.282 nm

=5.299×10-10 m

Radiocontrast agents are substances used to enhance the visibility of internal structures in X-ray-based imaging techniques such as computed tomography (contrast CT), projectional radiography, and fluoroscopy. Radiocontrast agents are typically iodine, or more rarely barium-sulphate. They absorb external X-rays, resulting in decreased exposure on the X-ray detector.

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