Question

Explain how electromagnetic waves travel through space (what vibrates and how it vibrates).

Answer 1

Electromagnetic waves are waves that consist of vibrating electric and magnetic fields. They transfer energy through matter or across space. This causes a vibrating electric field, which in turn creates a vibrating magnetic field. The two vibrating fields together form an electromagnetic wave.

The vibrations of electric field vectors and magnetic field vectors are perpendicular to each other and also the propagation of EM wave is perpendicular to both vectors.