Question

A kettle uses a current of 2A from 220V source. It increases the temperature of 1kg...

A kettle uses a current of 2A from 220V source. It increases the temperature of 1kg of water from 2°C to 100°C in 5 min. What percentage of the energy transferred to the element is used to heat the water? (c for water=4200J.kg.K

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Answer #1

Current I = 2A

Voltage V = 220v

Mass of water m = 1 kg

Initial temperature Ti = 2°C = 275K

Final temperature Tf = 100°C = 373 K

Time taken t = 5 min

Specific heat capacity of water c = 4200J/ kg .K

The heat generated by the heater is given by

H = VIt

H = 2× 220× 5 ×60

H = 132000 J

Heat required to convert 2 °C to 100°C is given by

Q = mc∆T

Q = 1× 4200 ×(373-275)

Q = 411600J

The total heat energy is = H+Q = 543600

The percentage of energy transferred to the element is given by

(132000/543600)× 100

= 24.28%

The percent of the energy transferred to the metal is

24.3%

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