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what is the physical interpretation of a selection rule?

what is the physical interpretation of a selection rule?

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The transitions among quantum levels due to absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation is specified by the selection rule. An oscillating electric field E0cos(t) that interacts with a transition dipole is as a result of the incident electromagnetic radiation.

A dipolar polarization is created by an interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a molecule. It is called transition dipole moment, z

  z = 1* z 2 d

In an experiment we present an electric field along the z axis (in the laboratory frame) and we may consider specifically the interaction between the transition dipole along the x, y, or z axis of the molecule with this radiation. If mz is zero then a transition is forbidden. The selection rule is a statement of when mz is non-zero. in the section on electronic transitions, these selection rules also apply to the orbital angular momentum
( l=±1l=±1 , m=0m=0 ).

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