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Ernest Rutherford demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (4He) from...

Ernest Rutherford demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (4He) from gold-197 (197Au). The energy of the incoming helium nucleus was 7.10 x 10-13 J, and the masses of the helium and gold nuclei were 6.68 x 10-27 and 3.29 x 10-25 kg, respectively (note that their mass ratio is 4 to 197). A helium nucleus scatters backward to an angle of 120° as measured from its original path during an elastic collision with a gold nucleus. Calculate the helium nucleus's final speed. (Give your answer in units of km/s.)

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