Question

Modern battery development has focused on lighter materials with higher energy density. Lithium ion batteries were developed in the 1980s and first commercialized in 1991. John Goodenough, Stanley Whittingham, and Akira Yoshino shared the 2019 Novel Prize in Chemistry for their contributions to this invention. Commercial lithium ion batteries all use the same anode material, but there are competing cathode materials. What material functions as the anode, and what material(s) function as the cathode? What reactions take place? What should the potential (voltage) be? What are the advantages and disadvantages of these batteries?

Answer 1

the materials used for Anode is in Lithium-Ion batteries are probably

Graphite powder

and Zinc,

Lithium are used.

the materials used in the cathode materials are Lithium Cobalt Oxide,

Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide,

Lithium Nickel Cobalt Oxide doped with Alumina,

Lithium Manganese Oxide,

and

Llithium Iron Phosphate.

the reaction takes place between anode and cathode materials with electrolyte.

the voltage nearly 3.6 V or little higher.

Advantages :

having large and accurate energy density,

no maintenance,

rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are also available in the market.

having safety.

Disadvantages:

power densities are very low,

taking large charging time.