Solution :
- The major ions present are ,
Cations - calcium Ca2+, magnesium Mg2+, Sodium Na+ , Potassium
K+
Anions - Bicarbonate HCO3− , Carbonate CO3−, sulfates SO4− ,
chlorides Cl−
- The concentrations of four major cations, Ca++, Mg++, Na+, and
K+, and four major anions, HCO3−, CO3−, SO4−, and Cl−, usually
constitute the total ionic salinity of the water for all practical
purposes.
- Concentrations of ionized components of other elements such as
nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe) and numerous minor
elements are of immense biological importance but are usually minor
contributors to total salinity.