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Research the bicarbonate buffering system found in the bloodstream. Write a paragraph or two discussing this...

Research the bicarbonate buffering system found in the bloodstream. Write a paragraph or two discussing this system and how your breathing rate can cause acidosis and alkalosis.

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Answer: The pH of blood is maintained via acid-base buffer systems.The most important buffer system in the blood is a carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system.In this system, the bicarbonate ions (HCO3 - ) and hydrogen ions (H+ ) are in equilibrium with carbonic acid (H2CO3). Bicarbonate and carbonic acid are found naturally within the blood. In addition, carbonic acid can decompose into CO2 and H2O with the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, creating another reaction in equilibrium.The overall reaction is:

H + (aq) + HCO3− (aq) ⇌ H2CO3 (aq) ⇌ H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Certain factors, including stress, medications, and chronic illnesses, can lead to slight, long-term blood acidity or alkalinity. These conditions can be respiratory or metabolic. Respiratory acidosis occurs when the lungs do not expel CO2 properly, leading to a buildup in the bloodstream. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when we breathe too fast or too deep and carbon dioxide levels drop too low. This causes the pH of the blood to rise and become too alkaline.

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