Question

In Egypt, what is the typical bargaining structure used in labor negotiations? (Please link source)

Answer 1

In Egypt, there is no legal framework for the employer-employee collective bargaining mechanism. So the bargaining structure is also not a formalized one in the country. Since 1950s, all labor based agreements and contracts have been centralized and governed by the state. The state may take reference from the centralized trade union i.e. the Egyptian Trade Union Federation (ETUF). ETUF is the only registered union In Egypt. For any type of labor negotiation, the government has an upper hand. The government puts logical facts to support its negotiation plea. However, the negotiations are usually long-term oriented.

http://www.leadershipcrossroads.com/mat/cou/Egypt.pdf

http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/06/28/rise-of-egypt-s-workers-pub-48689