Question

What does it mean to dispute an argument on the basis of the facts?

What does it mean to dispute an argument on the basis of the values?

What does it mean to dispute an argument on the basis of the reasoning?

Explain the difference between a decision based on ethics and one based on the law.

Answer 1

Dispute an argument on the basis of facts

In a court of law, in an administrative dispute, the Court decides by judgement, through an oral hearing. It is decided on the basis of facts. Judgement addresses values, and, reality. The judgement may be predictive, or, evaluative. In each function of the decision-making process, the subjective value judgement remains the means for selecting and evaluating from amongst many variables

Dispute an argument on the basis of the values

It is the judgement on the basis of rightness, or, wrongness.

One can use a conflicts matrix for resolution of disputes. One can look at the facts, and, values for cultural, political, legal, computational aspects. One can decide on whether one agrees, or, disagrees with facts, and, values for the cultural, political, computational, and, legal aspects. These may inspire, persuade, solve, and, verify.

Dispute an argument on the basis of reasoning

Settlement through mediation

The reasoning may be deductive, or, inductive. It uses facts, principles, and, cases. One can arrive at a conclusion if the premises are true. One may refute the central point, contradict, and, back it up with reasoning and supporting evidence. Deductive reasoning is difficult, and, inductive reasoning is used in daily life.

Decision-based on ethics, and, the decision based on law

Decision making involves considering both legal, and, ethical issues. It is influenced by professional standards, and, autonomous choices. For instance, health & social care. Decision-making process involves considering those they care, and, support. Using ethical theories, law & reduced argument, practitioners can form conclusions. One can use bioethical theory, the law in relation to decision making. One should challenge, and, deconstruct societal, social, and, personal belief systems.