Question

Part 3:A: Explain product or service design activities and what is the objectives of design.

B: Explain standardization and what is advantages and disadvantages of standardization.

Answer 1

A)

The main objective of product design is to create a good or service with excellent functional utility and sales appeal.At the same time developing a product with reasonable cost. It should be produced by using low cost but high quality materials at reasonable time.

an acceptable cost and within a reasonable time. The product should be produced using high-quality, low-cost materials and methods.

There are various activities that are part of product design activities right from idea generation. These activities includes idea generation as the product design starts from understanding the customers and their needs. The sources can be internal or external. The next activity is Screening Ideas that helps us to avoid ideas that lacks potential after proper judgement based on effective evaluation.One of important activity is Feasibility study which consists of a market analysis, an economic analysis, and technical and strategic analysis. Next activity is Preliminary Design which involves building a prototype, testing the prototype, revising the design, retesting etc. The production design include simplification, standardization and modularity. After it pilot runs and testing is done. And finally it includes process plan and final design that

consists of detailed drawings and specifications for the new product. And last activity is launch of new product.

B) Standardization can be defined as the process of maintaining uniformity and consistency among the different iterations of a particular good or service that are available in different markets.

Advantages

The advantages of standardisation includes product innovation as its possibility increases due to availability of basic template.

It makes choice of consumer much easier by reducing the misunderstanding n confusion. Standardization ensures consumer safety.

Disadvantages

It is not easy to go with innovation when too much focus is on consistency. Another problem could arise when the demands of consumers are responded properly due to commitment towards consistency. Ignorance of Cultural differences and adapting standardisation may not be feasible.