Question

QUESTION 25

1. A high degree of ____ means you can accurately assess your own strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense of self-confidence.

		self-management
		social cohesiveness
		social awareness
		relationship management
		self-awareness

2 points   

QUESTION 26

1. As a motivational technique, job simplification has been a great success.

True

False

2 points   

QUESTION 27

1. Individuals high on authoritarianism have problems with:

		power and toughness
		use of subjective feelings
		sticking to conventional values
		obeying recognized authority above them
		critically judging others

2 points   

QUESTION 28

1. Content theories provide insight into the needs of people in organizations.

True

False

Answer 1

Ans. 25. Self-awareness

The self-aware individuals and employees can see themselves more clearly as well as objectively through introspection and reflection. These people can hence assess their strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense of self-confidence when they know their limits. Self-awareness may exist on a spectrum and there are degrees to the strength and notion. This is so because a person cannot attain 100% objectivity about him/her self. Self-awareness theory points out that individuals are not merely thoughts, but entities that can observe their thoughts. This completeness helps individuals take the right decisions. Apart from knowing what we can do better and what we cannot, self-awareness and introspection also help us know what is right/good and wrong/bad, and to act in the right ways. When we act ethically and do tasks that we can do well enough, we are successful and stay away from troubles, which results in increased confidence and happiness.

Ans.26. False

Job implication is breaking down a job into easy-to-do sub-parts so that lesser mental/physical strength is required to do them.

Studies carried out since the 1950s point that job implication and segmentation demotivates employees. Other major factors that cause demotivation include high turnover rates and absenteeism, among others. Empowerment, learning, infusion of creativity/innovation in the job processes, and improvement of quality of life of employees are some motivating factors. Rewards and monetary incentives also improve employee motivation.

Simple jobs may soon become monotonous and boring, and the employees may not be satisfied with the work for long. However, challenges and rewards may provide for better motivation. While job implications may increase productivity in the short term, in the long run, it may come down. Boredom will result in absenteeism, errors, mistakes and even accidents.

Ans 27. Use of subjective feelings

The personality of authoritarian individuals faces certain intrapsychic conflicts, due to which certain personal insecurities occur within the individual. These individuals start to adhere to the conventional norms and are unquestionably obedient to the authorities. These people also oppose the imaginative and subjective tendencies and feelings of the mind, may turn to be superstitious and may view humanity in disdainful ways. Subjective feelings are a central part of human life and may relate to feelings of being happy when out with friends for a day, or forgetfulness and being annoyed. Subjective feelings relate to emotions, bodily sensations, and cognitive states. They may also relate to homeostatic states, to a certain degree.

Authoritarian individuals can not make use of subjective feelings well enough. They do not have feelings like normal human beings and fail to understand the human experience that may be there in different life situations.

Ans. 28. True

Content theories (also known as needs theories) attempt to understand the needs of people which leads to their motivation for anything. The theory classification includes McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, the ERG Theory, the Need Theory, and Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory among others.