Question

1.) Which of the following are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis?

   a.   family history, sex, smoking

    b.   lipid profile, smoking, diabetes

    c.   sedentary behavior, family history, lipid profile

2.) Which of the following is the cause of primary hypertension?

   a.   exercise or mental stress

    b.   renal dysfunction

    c.   chronotropic medications

    d.   unknown

    d.   diabetes, advancing age, hypertension

Answer 1

Answer to Question no.1

Option b – lipid profile, smoking, diabetes

Modifiable risk factor are factors that can be changed by an individual by adopting a healthy life.

In option b - Lipid profile, smoking and diabetes can be controlled by an individual and hence are modifiable.

Factor such as family history cannot be changed and hence it is a non-modifiable risk.

Answer to Question no.2

Option d - Unknown

Primary hypertension has no known cause, but it is interlinked to several mechanisms in the process to control blood pressure. They include genetic factors, stress, sedentary lifestyle,obesity and diet.

The other options mentioned in the question are causes of Secondary hypertention.