Question

In this section, answer questions about the following abstracts of epidemiologic studies. The following abstract summarize...

In this section, answer questions about the following abstracts of epidemiologic studies.

The following abstract summarize the results of an epidemiologic study (Chia, S., Chia, H., & Tan, J. (2000). Prevalence of headache among handheld cellular telephone users in Singapore: a community study. Environ Health Perspect; 108(11):1059-62).

We carried out a community study in Singapore to determine the prevalence of specific central nervous system (CNS) symptoms among hand-held cellular telephone (HP) users compared to nonusers and to study the association of risk factors and CNS symptoms among HP users. A total of 808 men and women between 12 and 70 years of age, who lived in one community, were selected using one-stage cluster random sampling and responses to a structured questionnaire. The prevalence of HP users was 44.8%. Headache was the most prevalent symptom among HP users compared to non-HP users, with prevalence rate ratio of 1.31 [95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.70]. There is a significant increase in the prevalence of headache with increasing duration of usage (in minutes per day). The use of HPs is not associated with a significant increase of CNS symptoms other than headache.

Note: the prevalence of headache among HP users was 60.3%.

Based on this abstract, indicate the following:

  1. The study design:    
  1. The exposure/risk factor:
  1. The disease/outcome(s):

The following two questions are based on the following article posted on Canvas.

Levin M, Goldstein H, Gerhardt P. Cancer and tobacco smoking. JAMA, May 1950: 336-338.

1. For the first question, what study design has been employed?

A. Case-control

B. Cohort (prospective)

C. Retrospective cohort (or historical cohort)

D. Ecologic

E. May be either a or c

2. For the second question, provide 1-2 sentences justifying your choice for the previous question.

Homework Answers

Answer #1

1. E. may be either a or c

2. The reason behind choosing maybe either a or c. A total of 808 men and women between 12 and 70 years of old, who lived in one community, collecting data by random sampling and responses to questionnaries.

-The prevalence of HP uses was 4.8 percent. As a significant increase in the prevalence of headache with increasing duration a usage( in minutes per day). The prevalence of head HP users was 60.3% percent now.

So,this data give's the information that case- controlling by providing retrospective cohort or History cohort

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