Question

True/False

The exchange of gas molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is called osmosis.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange takes place in the alveoli.

Cyanosis is a reliable and early sign of hypoxia.

When a nurse documents that a patient is tachypneic, it indicates a respiratory rate greater than 24 breaths/minute.

On assessment, the nurse would describe coarse crackles as discontinuous popping sounds heard in early inspiration.

A serious complication of a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection is rheumatic fever.

The major risk factor of obstructive sleep apnea is obesity.

Immediate management of a nosebleed involves insertion of cotton pledgets into the nose to reduce blood flow.

A partial laryngectomy is associated with a very high cure rate for cancer of the larynx.

Esophageal speech is the most widely used communication technique for patients who have undergone laryngectomy.

Tachypnea, dyspnea, and mild to moderate hypoxemia are hallmarks of the severity of atelectasis.

Antibiotics are the initial medical treatment of choice in viral upper respiratory tract infections and pneumonia.

A significant (positive) reaction on the Mantoux tuberculin skin test does not necessarily mean that active disease is present in the body.

The major cause of death in ARDS is nonpulmonary multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, often with sepsis.

Lung cancer is the leading cancer killer among men and women in the United States.

The pathophysiology of emphysema involves destruction of the walls of the alveoli leading to impaired oxygen diffusion.

Smoking cessation is the single most cost-effective intervention to reduce the risk of developing COPD and to stop its progression.

Administering oxygen to patients with COPD will result in cardiopulmonary arrest by suppressing the drive to breathe.

The strongest predisposing factor for asthma is allergy.

The risk of having a child with cystic fibrosis is 100% if both parents are carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene.

Fill-in-the-Blank

Normal tidal volume, the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath, is ___________ mL.

PAO₂ is the abbreviation used for the partial pressure of ______________ oxygen.

Using thoracic percussion, resonance is characterized as having a loud intensity, a low pitch, and a ________ duration.

A nurse who assesses the respiratory function of a patient with ___________ would note decreased tactile fremitus, hyperresonant percussion, and absent or decreased breath sounds.

An oxygen saturation value of less than _____%, using pulse oximetry, indicates that tissues are not receiving enough oxygen.

____________, the most common cause of upper respiratory infections, affect the upper respiratory passages and lead to subsequent mucous membrane inflammation.

Colds are highly contagious because virus is shed for about _____ days before the symptoms appear and during the first part of the symptomatic phase.

If untreated, acute rhinosinusitis may lead to a severe local complication of ___________, which can result in the removal of necrotic bone.

The most serious postoperative complication of a tonsillectomy is ________________.

Clear fluid draining from either nostril of the nose suggests a fracture of the cribriform plate with leakage of _____________ fluid.

Influenza and ____________ are the most common causes of death from infectious diseases in the United States.

Unless contraindicated, fluid intake should be increased to _______L/day for patients with pneumonia who have an increased respiratory rate.

The main symptom of pulmonary hypertension is ____________, which occurs at first with exertion and eventually at rest.

When caring for a patient who has had a pulmonary embolism, the nurse must be alert for the potential complication of right ventricular failure or ______________ shock.

A complication of blunt chest trauma caused by injury from the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident is called __________ chest.

COPD is generally a progressive disease characterized by three primary symptoms: chronic cough, sputum production, and ________________.

Patients who have difficulty coordinating inspiration with activation of their metered dose inhaler can be helped by use of a _______________.

If a rapid onset of shortness of breath occurs in a patient with COPD, the nurse should quickly evaluate the patient for the potential complication of _____________ by assessing the symmetry of chest movement, differences in breath sounds, and pulse oximetry.

The cornerstone pharmacologic therapy of bronchiectasis management is the use of ___________________.

The most potent and effective anti-inflammatory medications currently available to treat asthma are _________________.

Answer 1

The exchange of gas molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is called osmosis. False as it is diffusion.

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange takes place; in the alveoli. True as alveoli are richly supplied with blood.

Cyanosis is a reliable and early sign of hypoxia. False as it is not an early sign of hypoxia but a late sign.

When a nurse documents that a patient is tachypneic, it indicates a respiratory rate greater than 24 breaths/minute. False; The tachypnea may have a respiratory rate of more than40 breaths per minute.