Question

Describe the factors affecting urinary elimination:

1. Body position
2. Decreased muscle tone
3. Fluid intake
4. Hypotension
5. Infection
6. Loss of body fluid
7. Medications
8. Neurologic injury
9. Nutrition
10. Obstruction of urine flow
11. Psychological factors

Define the common urinary abnormalities:

Dysuria:

Hematuria:

Nocturia:

Polyuria:

Answer 1

FACTORS AFFECTING URINARY ELIMINATION

1. Body position: body posture can influence the urodynamic parameters such as urinary flow rate, voiding time and post void residual time
2. Decreased muscle tone: loss of muscle mass and decreased muscle strength can leads to urinary incontinence
3. Fluid intake: the amount of water lost from the body should equal to the amount of water taking in, otherwise it can lead to negative fluid balance.

COMMON URINARY ABNORMALITIES

1. DYSURIA - difficult urination or painful urination
2. HEMATURIA - blood in urine.
3. NOCTURIA - excessive urinating at night. The complaint that the individual has to wake at night one or more times for voiding.
4. POLYURIA - excessive passage of urine. Urine output exceeding 3L/day in adults.