Question

Module 1 1. What is allostasis? 2. Understand the difference between sequela and complication a. sequela is a disease or condition which is caused by an earlier disease or problem while complication is the act or process worsening of a condition or disease process. 3. What happens during the alarm phase of Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome? 4. Remember this is the fight or flight stage. What clinical findings would the patient in the fight or flight stage present with? (Select All) 5. The four components of Pathophysiology (Select all) 6. Prevention stages of disease- eg. Primary, Secondary, Tertiary 7. What compounds (2) does the body release during stress? 8. How is fluid between interstitial and intracellular compartments distributed? 9. How extracellular fluid become depleted 10. What is potential and fatal complication of hyponatremia 11. Symptoms of dehydration 12. Cause of edema 13. What hormones assist with potassium distribution (I discussed 2 main hormones in the chapter 24 webex lecture) 14. Extracellular fluid has higher concentration of which electrolytes (I discussed 2) 15. The energy currency of a cell and role the mitochondrion plays in this currency Module 2 1. What is active immunity? 2. Cause of antimicrobial resistance 3. What are the mediators of inflammation? (Select all) 4. Type 1 hypersensitivity mediator 5. What does histamines do? 6. A lab test that can measure inflammation 7. What is metastasis? 8. What is cachexia? 9. Lymph node locations (where do they feel the most if inflammation is present)? (Select All) 10. What are the properties of cancer cells? (Select All) 11. The effects of bone marrow suppression in cancer patients (We discussed 3 of these in chapter 7) 12. The primary function of bone marrow 13. Identify examples of types of malignant cells (Select All) 14. What is osteosarcoma? 15. Steps in carcinogenesis Module 3 1. What is Rheumatoid arthritis? 2. Rheumatoid arthritis clinical manifestation? (Select all) 3. Conditions which result from excessive immune response 4. What activity is appropriate for osteoarthritis? 5. What is Psoriatic arthritis? 6. What causes gout? 7. Osteoporosis etiology 8. What is Myasthenia crisis priority assessment? 9. The best prevention for Pressure ulcers/injuries is to perform what intervention? 10. Complications of compartment syndrome 11. The 5 P’s of compartment syndrome 12. Complication of a fracture 13. What is muscular dystrophy 14. What is Fibromyalgia 15. Neurotransmitter destroyed by antibodies with patients diagnosed with Myasthenia Gravis. 16. What is osteoarthritis 17. Clinical manifestation of shingles 18. What is atopic dermatitis?

Answer 1

1.Allostasis in simple refers to the form of change done to a body through adaptation .The body condition is changed according to the external needs are the demands.

2.The major difference between sequela and complications are in sequela a problem is present as a result of left over complication. Whereas complications refers to the consequences raises after a procedure or condition .

3.The alarm phase is the first phase in Hans Seley's Adaptation Syndrome .Here the body response to a stress by release of cortisol and adrenaline .This adrenaline gives a energy and respond as flight or flight mechanism to take over the stress.

4.The clinical finding which can be observed in the fight or flight response are

• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Tension
• Palpitations
• Pupils get dilated
• The skin turns pale
• Shivering or tremors can be seen