Question

The MDHHS summarized their data and provided a report to Governor Rick Snyder and other state and local government officials. After reading the evidence, the officials state that while convincing, the body of evidence is based on observational studies that are threatened by bias.

Define bias and provide two examples of how specific types of bias could influence the findings from thepreviously described epidemiological studies assessing the Flint water crisis.

Answer 1

Bias in simple refers to the presence of some errors which are systematic in nature in a research study which can deviate the results of the study. In simple it is termed to be systematic error

Example

Selection bias: The specific or particular number of children are selected for studying the lead toxicity in the Flint area instead of involving the entire children group

Information bias: The outcome derived from musclassification of the data in the research. Like the children in relation to health and illness in regards to exposure are not classified accordingly and the study us conducted .