What are the concepts or properties that are operationalized and studied?
A concept is an image in a person’s mind symbolic of an object, idea, event, person, behavior, etc. Some concepts are formed by other concepts called attributes. Concepts with more than one attribute, capable of varying and is chosen for research are called variables. The process of defining variables as measurable factors is called operationalization. This process includes defining fuzzy concepts letting them to be measured quantitatively and empirically. An independent variable is a variable hypothesized to describe another variable. The variable which is described is called dependent variable. A hypothesis defines the variables of interest and how these variables are related.
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