Question

The case study presented below:

A 57?year?old female presented with a 13 year history of diabetes. Due to the failure of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in controlling her sugar levels, for the last 3 years, she was treated with biphasic insulin aspart 30/70. She was a very frequent ier, a regular swimmer and socially very active, and this led her to have irregular meals. Hence, she often go into frequent hypoglycemia and during the last 6 months the patient’s average blood glucose level during fasting were 170 mg/dL and postprandial glucose levels varied from 230 to 280 mg/dL. Even after high sugar levels, she fortunately had normal kidney functions. Patient was able to afford an insulin pump, so she was put on one. With the pump, her blood glucose was in control and patient was happy. However she soon realized the limitation of carrying it everywhere she went. These were the true feelings of a patient who was very active while she was on an insulin pump. The physician, after discussing with the patient, started her on insulin degludec and lifestyle modi cation, especially the diet component. Patient understood these problems and followed the diet. She followed the dietary modi cation and over 2 months of time, fasting blood glucose was 110 mg/dL, post meals values were around 180 mg/dL. She had only one episode of minor hypoglycemia which was due to delayed meal. The doctor later reduced degludec from 44 U to 40 U and blood glucose was still improving without any episode of hypoglycemia in the last 3 months. The outcome of this case is that with this therapy and dietary modification, a desired level of blood glucose can be achieved, without hypoglycemic risk. The main barrier to tight glycemic control is hypoglycemia. This can be adjusted with slight dietary modi cation without changing the therapy.

Please answer the question below, without copying and pasting.

1) Formulate one searchable, clinical question in the PICO(T) format. There are several potential questions that could be asked.

2) Identify whether the focus of your question is assessment, etiology, treatment, or prognosis.

Answer 1

1.PICOT is a question format,which is research based.P-Population,I-Intervention,C-Comparison,O-Outcome,T-Time.

How does Insuli degludec compared to Insulin pump and lifestyle modification affect blood glucose level within 2 months?

2.The focus of the question was based on Intervention or treatment ie questions addressing the treatment of an illness.in this case patient suffered from diabetes and had frequent hypoglycemic reaction and she had to shift her treatment modality from using insulin pump to lifestyle modification and insulin degludec ,the intervention worked with desired blood glucose level.