Question

Part One: First, describe in your own words the following concepts: moral patient, moral agent, human being, and person. (As you describe these concepts, make sure you explain how they are all different from each other.) Secondly, in your own words, describe the following terms: IVF, ICSI, GIFT, and ZIFT. Then determine, between a GIFT and a ZIFT, which of these 2 infertility procedures a pro-life proponent would choose for ethical reasons. Thirdly, in your own words, describe the difference between traditional surrogacy and gestational surrogacy.

Answer 1

Moral patient :

Moral patients are those individuals who does not have the capacity to distinguish good and bad.It might be either by age or mental condition. For example a one year old infant is a moral patient .

Moral agent:

Moral agents are those individuals who have the ability to distinguish what is right and what is wrong and so can be accountable for the concequence of their action.

IVF:

Invitro fertilisation is a process where a matured ovum is being fertilised out side the body ie,in laboratory.It is an effective method to treat infertility.

ICSI

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is an effective treatment for men with infertility in which the sperm is being injected into an ovum.It is performed as a part of IVF.

ZIFT and GIFT

Zygote intrafallopian transfer and gamate intra fallopian transfer.

These procedures are more closer to natural conception.So a prolife proponent may go for these two.

Gestational surrogacy:

In gestational surrogacy,the surrogate mother does not have any genetic link .To be more clear,the fertilized ovum of another women is placed in gestational surrogate mothers womb.

Traditional surrogacy:

In this, surrogate mother's own ovum will be fertilized with the sperm of intened father or donor.