A client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is scheduled to begin hemodialysis. The nurse determines that which neurological and psychosocial manifestations, if exhibited by this client, are related to the CKD? Select all that apply.
1. Agitation
2. Euphoria
3. Depression
4. Withdrawal
5. Labile emotions
Correct answer: option 1,4,5
Rational:
Neuropsychiatric conditions including depression, anxiety disorders, and cognitive impairment are prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). These conditions often make worse the quality of life and also lead to longer hospitalizations and higher mortality.
1.Agitation:
The psychiatric disorders associated with kidney disease take many forms, depending on the natural history of the disease. Classically, uremia has been cited as the cause of delirium. Symptoms such as somnolence and psychomotor agitation may be present among the clinical signs of acute kidney injury (AKI). So agitation seen only in AKI not with CKD.
2. Euphoria:
Euphoria is an emotional and mental state defined as a sense of great happiness and well-being. Its not associated with CKD.
3. Depression:
Recent studies have shown that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are not on dialysis have rates of depression up to 3 times higher than those in the general population. Furthermore, depression has been associated with poor quality of life and adverse medical outcomes in patients with CKD or ESRD. So its noted with CKD.
4. Withdrawl:
Dialysis withdrawal commonly noted in CKD which increases the mortality rate. So its noted with CKD
5. Labile emotions
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition in the world. .Moreover the patient may become emotionally labile, more obviously forgetful and sluggish. Its seen in CKD.
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