Question

Mary Turner stepped on a nail 5 days ago and sustained a puncture about 1 inch deep. She immediately cleaned the area with soap and water and hydrogen peroxide, and applied triple antibiotic ointment to the site. Today she comes to the clinic with complaints of increased pain and swelling in her foot. On assessment, the nurse notes that the puncture site is red and edematous, and has a moderate amount of yellowish drainage. (Learning Objective 9) Describe the sequence of events that caused the local inflammation seen in Mary’s foot. What is the role of histamine and kinins in the inflammatory process? Which of the five cardinal signs of inflammation does Mary exhibit? Because Mary’s injury occurred 5 days ago, the nurse should assess for what systemic effects?

Answer 1

the sequence of events that caused the local inflammation:-

three main stages:- Acute -swelling stage. Sub-acute – regenerative stage. Chronic – scar tissue maturation and remodelling stage.

The process of inflammation that happens secondarily to infection is like this:

• Step 1 Invasion of the tissue by an organism.
• Step 2 Activation of local histiocytes in the tissues.
• Step 3 Biochemical messages and body response.
• Step 4 Dendritic cells; better espionage, better response.

Inflammation is characterized by five cardinal signs:

• rubor (redness),
• calor (increased heat),
• tumor (swelling),
• dolor (pain), and.
• functio laesa (loss of function).

role of histamine ns kinins:- The release of histamine, kinins, and prostaglandins causes vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels. Blood clots can form around an abscess to prevent dissemination of the infection