Question

The terrible housing condition prompted Richard to become politically involved, by the year, he ------ to organize a grassroots campaign in the neighborhood.

A.--has began

B.-had begun

C.- had began

D.- begun

Answer 1

Answer: B- had begun

Simple past tense and past participle form of verb begin are began and begun respectively. Whenever we talk about past perfect tense, we use had along with past participle form of the verb. So, option B is correct.

In option A- Has is used with the second form of the verb(past form) i.e began. But we always use the 3rd form of the verb i.e past participle(begun)form in the present or past perfect tense. So, it is wrong.

OptionC- Had is used with the past form of the verb instead of 3rd form. So, it is also wrong.

Option D- The word begun suggests us 3rd form of the verb begins. This form is used either with has/have in present perfect tense or with had in the past perfect tense. So, it is incorrect.

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