Question

Chapter 21 Nutrition and Renal Disease

Review Questions

1.      For each of the following conditions, outline the nutrition components of therapy: glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and CKD.

2.      Outline the medical and nutrition therapy for patients who are on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. What are the critical differences, and why?

Answer 1

1. Nutritional component of therapy:

Glomerulonephritis

• Less proteins in diet
• Calcium supplements
• Decreased intake of phosphorus, salt and potassium
• Fluid restriction

Nephrotic syndrome:

• Low salt
• Low fat
• Low cholesterol
• Moderate protein intake
• Limit saturated fats
• Fluid restriction may be needed at times

CKD

• Salt and fluid restriction
• Limit potassium, phosphorus, calvium in diet. Low potassium fruits
• Adequate calories
• Low protein diet before initiation of dialysis; increase intake after dialysis is initiated
• Iron supplementation

2.hemodialysis Vs peritoneal dialysis

• Peritoneal dialysis uses the patient's own peritoneal membrane as a filter.
• Hemodialysis requires an external machine which has a filter for dialysis
• More proteins are list Inn peritoneal dialysis. Hence higher protein intake is needed
• Peritoneal dialysis diet allows for more potassium intake.